RRC ID 47673
著者 Mathews KW, Cavegn M, Zwicky M.
タイトル Sexual Dimorphism of Body Size Is Controlled by Dosage of the X-Chromosomal Gene Myc and by the Sex-Determining Gene tra in Drosophila.
ジャーナル Genetics
Abstract Drosophila females are larger than males. In this article, we describe how X-chromosome dosage drives sexual dimorphism of body size through two means: first, through unbalanced expression of a key X-linked growth-regulating gene, and second, through female-specific activation of the sex-determination pathway. X-chromosome dosage determines phenotypic sex by regulating the genes of the sex-determining pathway. In the presence of two sets of X-chromosome signal elements (XSEs), Sex-lethal (Sxl) is activated in female (XX) but not male (XY) animals. Sxl activates transformer (tra), a gene that encodes a splicing factor essential for female-specific development. It has previously been shown that null mutations in the tra gene result in only a partial reduction of body size of XX animals, which shows that other factors must contribute to size determination. We tested whether X dosage directly affects animal size by analyzing males with duplications of X-chromosomal segments. Upon tiling across the X chromosome, we found four duplications that increase male size by >9%. Within these, we identified several genes that promote growth as a result of duplication. Only one of these, Myc, was found not to be dosage compensated. Together, our results indicate that both Myc dosage and tra expression play crucial roles in determining sex-specific size in Drosophila larvae and adult tissue. Since Myc also acts as an XSE that contributes to tra activation in early development, a double dose of Myc in females serves at least twice in development to promote sexual size dimorphism.
巻・号 205(3)
ページ 1215-1228
公開日 2017-3-1
DOI 10.1534/genetics.116.192260
PII genetics.116.192260
PMID 28064166
PMC PMC5340334
MeSH Animals Body Size / genetics* Chromosomes, Insect / genetics DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism* Dosage Compensation, Genetic* Drosophila / genetics* Drosophila / growth & development Drosophila Proteins / genetics Drosophila Proteins / metabolism* Female Gene Duplication Male Nuclear Proteins / genetics Nuclear Proteins / metabolism* RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism Sex Characteristics* Transcription Factors / genetics Transcription Factors / metabolism* X Chromosome / genetics
IF 4.015
引用数 11
WOS 分野 GENETICS & HEREDITY
リソース情報
ショウジョウバエ DGRC#109862 DGRC#200175