論文 - 詳細
| RRC ID | 52082 |
|---|---|
| 著者 | Mahmoud ME, Fereig R, Nishikawa Y. |
| タイトル | Involvement of Host Defense Mechanisms against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Anhedonic and Despair-Like Behaviors in Mice. |
| ジャーナル | Infect Immun |
| Abstract |
Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogen relevant to psychiatric disorders. We recently showed that reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection induced depression-like behaviors in mice. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that depression-like behaviors are mediated via a host defense mechanism against invading pathogens; proximate mechanisms of this behavioral hypothesis remain unclear. In the present study, we investigate the contribution of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), inflammation, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) to anhedonic and despair-related behaviors in T. gondii-infected mice by using sucrose preference and forced-swim tests, respectively. First, we confirmed that BALB/c mice exhibited both sickness and depression-like behaviors during acute infection. Treatment of infected wild-type mice with minocycline (anti-inflammatory drug) abated sickness and anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, whereas in T. gondii-infected mice, treatment normalized kynurenine/tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) ratios in both plasma and brain tissue. Additionally, T. gondii infection failed to induce anhedonic and despair-like behaviors or increase the Kyn/Trp ratio in immunocompromised (IFN-γ-/-) mice, whereas sickness behavior was observed in both immunocompetent and IFN-γ-/- mice following infection. Furthermore, treatment with 1-methyl tryptophan (an IDO inhibitor) did not affect locomotor activity, attenuated clinical scores and anhedonic and despair-like behaviors, and resulted in normal Kyn/Trp ratios in T. gondii-infected wild-type mice. Although low levels of serotonin and dopamine were observed in the brain during acute and chronic infections, anhedonic and despair-like behaviors were not detected in the chronic stage of infection. Collectively, our results demonstrated that immune enhancement in response to infection with T. gondii resulted in IFN-γ production, IDO activation, and inflammation associated with anhedonic and despair-like behaviors. |
| 巻・号 | 85(4) |
| 公開日 | 2017-4-1 |
| DOI | 10.1128/IAI.00007-17 |
| PII | IAI.00007-17 |
| PMID | 28138019 |
| PMC | PMC5364308 |
| MeSH | Anhedonia Animals Behavior, Animal* Cytokines / genetics Cytokines / metabolism Disease Models, Animal Gene Expression Host-Pathogen Interactions* Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / genetics Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / metabolism Inflammation Mediators / metabolism Interferon-gamma / deficiency Mice Mice, Knockout Toxoplasma / immunology* Toxoplasmosis / diagnosis Toxoplasmosis / immunology* Toxoplasmosis / metabolism Toxoplasmosis / microbiology* |
| IF | 3.201 |
| 引用数 | 9 |
| オルトメトリクス指標 |
オルトメトリクス指標項目
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| 最多言及媒体 | X(Twitter) |
| 各媒体での言及数の合計 | 3 |
| 過去6か月間でのオルトメトリクス指標の変動値 | 0.0 |
| リソース情報 | |
| ヒト・動物細胞 | MG6(RCB2403) OS3(RCB1593) |