論文 - 詳細
| RRC ID | 56945 |
|---|---|
| 著者 | Huynen L, Suzuki T, Ogura T, Watanabe Y, Millar CD, Hofreiter M, Smith C, Mirmoeini S, Lambert DM. |
| タイトル | Reconstruction and in vivo analysis of the extinct tbx5 gene from ancient wingless moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes). |
| ジャーナル | BMC Evol Biol |
| Abstract |
BACKGROUND:The forelimb-specific gene tbx5 is highly conserved and essential for the development of forelimbs in zebrafish, mice, and humans. Amongst birds, a single order, Dinornithiformes, comprising the extinct wingless moa of New Zealand, are unique in having no skeletal evidence of forelimb-like structures. RESULTS:To determine the sequence of tbx5 in moa, we used a range of PCR-based techniques on ancient DNA to retrieve all nine tbx5 exons and splice sites from the giant moa, Dinornis. Moa Tbx5 is identical to chicken Tbx5 in being able to activate the downstream promotors of fgf10 and ANF. In addition we show that missexpression of moa tbx5 in the hindlimb of chicken embryos results in the formation of forelimb features, suggesting that Tbx5 was fully functional in wingless moa. An alternatively spliced exon 1 for tbx5 that is expressed specifically in the forelimb region was shown to be almost identical between moa and ostrich, suggesting that, as well as being fully functional, tbx5 is likely to have been expressed normally in moa since divergence from their flighted ancestors, approximately 60 mya. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggests that, as in mice, moa tbx5 is necessary for the induction of forelimbs, but is not sufficient for their outgrowth. Moa Tbx5 may have played an important role in the development of moa's remnant forelimb girdle, and may be required for the formation of this structure. Our results further show that genetic changes affecting genes other than tbx5 must be responsible for the complete loss of forelimbs in moa. |
| 巻・号 | 14 |
| ページ | 75 |
| 公開日 | 2014-5-14 |
| DOI | 10.1186/1471-2148-14-75 |
| PII | 1471-2148-14-75 |
| PMID | 24885927 |
| PMC | PMC4101845 |
| MeSH | Animals Atrial Natriuretic Factor / genetics Avian Proteins / genetics* Avian Proteins / metabolism Biological Evolution* Chickens Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 / genetics Flight, Animal* Forelimb / embryology* Humans Mice New Zealand Palaeognathae / genetics* Palaeognathae / physiology Struthioniformes / embryology T-Box Domain Proteins / genetics* T-Box Domain Proteins / metabolism |
| IF | 3.045 |
| 引用数 | 5 |
| リソース情報 | |
| ニワトリ・ウズラ | |