| RRC ID |
62660
|
| 著者 |
Mojzeš P, Gao L, Ismagulova T, Pilátová J, Moudříková Š, Gorelova O, Solovchenko A, Nedbal L, Salih A.
|
| タイトル |
Guanine, a high-capacity and rapid-turnover nitrogen reserve in microalgal cells.
|
| ジャーナル |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
|
| Abstract |
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for microalgae, influencing their productivity, composition, and growth dynamics. Despite the dramatic consequences of N starvation, many free-living and endosymbiotic microalgae thrive in N-poor and N-fluctuating environments, giving rise to questions about the existence and nature of their long-term N reserves. Our understanding of these processes requires a unequivocal identification of the N reserves in microalgal cells as well as their turnover kinetics and subcellular localization. Herein, we identified crystalline guanine as the enigmatic large-capacity and rapid-turnover N reserve of microalgae. The identification was unambiguously supported by confocal Raman, fluorescence, and analytical transmission electron microscopies as well as stable isotope labeling. We discovered that the storing capacity for crystalline guanine by the marine dinoflagellate Amphidiniumcarterae was sufficient to support N requirements for several new generations. We determined that N reserves were rapidly accumulated from guanine available in the environment as well as biosynthesized from various N-containing nutrients. Storage of exogenic N in the form of crystalline guanine was found broadly distributed across taxonomically distant groups of microalgae from diverse habitats, from freshwater and marine free-living forms to endosymbiotic microalgae of reef-building corals (Acropora millepora, Euphyllia paraancora). We propose that crystalline guanine is the elusive N depot that mitigates the negative consequences of episodic N shortage. Guanine (C5H5N5O) may act similarly to cyanophycin (C10H19N5O5) granules in cyanobacteria. Considering the phytoplankton nitrogen pool size and dynamics, guanine is proposed to be an important storage form participating in the global N cycle.
|
| 巻・号 |
117(51)
|
| ページ |
32722-32730
|
| 公開日 |
2020-12-22
|
| DOI |
10.1073/pnas.2005460117
|
| PII |
2005460117
|
| PMID |
33293415
|
| PMC |
PMC7768779
|
| MeSH |
Animals
Anthozoa
Arctic Regions
Crystallization
Dinoflagellida / chemistry
Dinoflagellida / metabolism
Ecosystem
Guanine / chemistry
Guanine / metabolism*
Kinetics
Microalgae / chemistry*
Microalgae / metabolism*
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Nitrogen / metabolism*
Nonlinear Optical Microscopy / methods
Symbiosis
Tropical Climate
|
| IF |
9.412
|
| リソース情報 |
| 藻類 |
NIES-2285
NIES-2587
NIES-2860 |
