| RRC ID |
88647
|
| Author |
Rattanaporn Rinpan, Vethaga Panudta, Rawisara Phongkhedkham, Siriyakorn Janpitu, Suphat Phongthai, Wannaporn Klangpetch, Tabkrich Khumsap
|
| Title |
Effect of Riboflavin and Blue Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Microbial Inactivation and the Physicochemical Properties of Betel Leaves
|
| Journal |
Processes
|
| Abstract |
This study evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic treatment (PDT) using riboflavin (Rbf) and blue light-emitting diode (BL) irradiation for microbial inactivation and quality preservation in fresh betel leaves (Piper betle L.). Non-pathogenic surrogates Escherichia coli K-12 and Listeria innocua were used to model Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The combined Rbf-BL treatment significantly reduced microbial populations by up to 5.3 log CFU/g for E. coli and 6.2 log CFU/g for L. innocua on leaf surfaces (p < 0.05) and 1.3–1.5 log CFU/mL in broth cultures. Treated samples showed significantly higher total soluble solids (12.0 ± 0.0 °Brix), total phenolic content (0.17 ± 0.02 mmol GAE/g, p < 0.05), and antioxidant activity (62.0 ± 3.1% DPPH inhibition, p < 0.05), with minimal color alteration after treatment (ΔE = 4.68). The total fluence measured at the leaf surface was approximately 11.72 J/cm2. As a mild thermal treatment utilizing a GRAS photosensitizer, riboflavin-assisted PDT presents a promising strategy for enhancing microbial safety and promoting phytochemical quality in betel leaves.
|
| Volume |
13
|
| Pages |
3130
|
| Published |
2025-9-29
|
| DOI |
10.3390/pr13103130
|
| Resource |
| General Microbes |
JCM20135
JCM32814 |
