RRC ID 3740
著者 Pujol N, Zugasti O, Wong D, Couillault C, Kurz CL, Schulenburg H, Ewbank JJ.
タイトル Anti-fungal innate immunity in C. elegans is enhanced by evolutionary diversification of antimicrobial peptides.
ジャーナル PLoS Pathog
Abstract Encounters with pathogens provoke changes in gene transcription that are an integral part of host innate immune responses. In recent years, studies with invertebrate model organisms have given insights into the origin, function, and evolution of innate immunity. Here, we use genome-wide transcriptome analysis to characterize the consequence of natural fungal infection in Caenorhabditis elegans. We identify several families of genes encoding putative antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and proteins that are transcriptionally up-regulated upon infection. Many are located in small genomic clusters. We focus on the nlp-29 cluster of six AMP genes and show that it enhances pathogen resistance in vivo. The same cluster has a different structure in two other Caenorhabditis species. A phylogenetic analysis indicates that the evolutionary diversification of this cluster, especially in cases of intra-genomic gene duplications, is driven by natural selection. We further show that upon osmotic stress, two genes of the nlp-29 cluster are strongly induced. In contrast to fungus-induced nlp expression, this response is independent of the p38 MAP kinase cascade. At the same time, both involve the epidermal GATA factor ELT-3. Our results suggest that selective pressure from pathogens influences intra-genomic diversification of AMPs and reveal an unexpected complexity in AMP regulation as part of the invertebrate innate immune response.
巻・号 4(7)
ページ e1000105
公開日 2008-7-18
DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000105
PMID 18636113
PMC PMC2453101
MeSH Animals Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / genetics* Caenorhabditis elegans / immunology* Caenorhabditis elegans / microbiology Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / genetics Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / physiology* GATA Transcription Factors / genetics GATA Transcription Factors / metabolism Gene Expression Genome Host-Pathogen Interactions* Immunity, Innate / physiology* Mitosporic Fungi / drug effects* Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Organisms, Genetically Modified Phylogeny Selection, Genetic Serine Endopeptidases / genetics Serine Endopeptidases / metabolism p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
IF 6.218
引用数 135
WOS 分野 PARASITOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY VIROLOGY
リソース情報
線虫 tm3036 tm1931