RRC ID 2074
著者 Yan L, Fu D, Li C, Blechl A, Tranquilli G, Bonafede M, Sanchez A, Valarik M, Yasuda S, Dubcovsky J.
タイトル The wheat and barley vernalization gene VRN3 is an orthologue of FT.
ジャーナル Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Abstract Winter wheat and barley varieties require an extended exposure to low temperatures to accelerate flowering (vernalization), whereas spring varieties do not have this requirement. In this study, we show that in these species, the vernalization gene VRN3 is linked completely to a gene similar to Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). FT induction in the leaves results in a transmissible signal that promotes flowering. Transcript levels of the barley and wheat orthologues, designated as HvFT and TaFT, respectively, are significantly higher in plants homozygous for the dominant Vrn3 alleles (early flowering) than in plants homozygous for the recessive vrn3 alleles (late flowering). In wheat, the dominant Vrn3 allele is associated with the insertion of a retroelement in the TaFT promoter, whereas in barley, mutations in the HvFT first intron differentiate plants with dominant and recessive VRN3 alleles. Winter wheat plants transformed with the TaFT allele carrying the promoter retroelement insertion flowered significantly earlier than nontransgenic plants, supporting the identity between TaFT and VRN-B3. Statistical analyses of flowering times confirmed the presence of significant interactions between vernalization and FT allelic classes in both wheat and barley (P < 0.0001). These interactions were supported further by the observed up-regulation of HvFT transcript levels by vernalization in barley winter plants (P = 0.002). These results confirmed that the wheat and barley FT genes are responsible for natural allelic variation in vernalization requirement, providing additional sources of adaptive diversity to these economically important crops.
巻・号 103(51)
ページ 19581-6
公開日 2006-12-19
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0607142103
PII 0607142103
PMID 17158798
PMC PMC1748268
MeSH Adaptation, Physiological / genetics* Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics* Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism Base Sequence Chromosome Mapping DNA Primers Flowers / physiology* Gene Components Gene Expression Profiling Genes, Plant / genetics* Genetic Variation* Hordeum / genetics* Hordeum / physiology Molecular Sequence Data Mutation / genetics Retroelements / genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Triticum / genetics* Triticum / physiology
IF 9.412
引用数 559
WOS 分野 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
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オオムギ Hayakiso 2 Dairokkaku Suchou 2 Kabul 10 ?