RRC ID 81137
Author Michikawa A, Okada M, Ikeda TM, Nagaki K, Yoshida K, Takumi S.
Title Phenotypic effects of Am genomes in nascent synthetic hexaploids derived from interspecific crosses between durum and wild einkorn wheat.
Journal PLoS One
Abstract Allopolyploid speciation is a major evolutionary process in wheat (Triticum spp.) and the related Aegilops species. The generation of synthetic polyploids by interspecific crosses artificially reproduces the allopolyploidization of wheat and its relatives. These synthetic polyploids allow breeders to introduce agriculturally important traits into durum and common wheat cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic and phenotypic diversity in wild einkorn Triticum monococcum ssp. aegilopoides (Link) Thell., to generate a set of synthetic hexaploid lines containing the various Am genomes from wild einkorn, and to reveal their trait characteristics. We examined the genetic diversity of 43 wild einkorn accessions using simple sequence repeat markers covering all the chromosomes and revealed two genetically divergent lineages, L1 and L2. The genetic divergence between these lineages was linked to their phenotypic divergence and their habitats. L1 accessions were characterized by early flowering, fewer spikelets, and large spikelets compared to L2 accessions. These trait differences could have resulted from adaptation to their different habitats. We then developed 42 synthetic hexaploids containing the AABBAmAm genome through interspecific crosses between T. turgidum cv. Langdon (AABB genome) as the female parent and the wild einkorn accessions (AmAm genome) as the male parents. Two of the 42 AABBAmAm synthetic hexaploids exhibited hybrid dwarfness. The phenotypic divergence between L1 and L2 accessions of wild einkorn, especially for days to flowering and spikelet-related traits, significantly reflected phenotypic differences in the synthetic hexaploids. The differences in plant height and internodes between the lineages were more distinct in the hexaploid backgrounds. Furthermore, the AABBAmAm synthetic hexaploids had longer spikelets and grains, long awns, high plant heights, soft grains, and late flowering, which are distinct from other synthetic hexaploid wheat lines such as AABBDD. Utilization of various Am genomes of wild einkorn resulted in wide phenotypic diversity in the AABBAmAm synthetic hexaploids and provides promising new breeding materials for wheat.
Volume 18(4)
Pages e0284408
Published 2023-1-1
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0284408
PII PONE-D-22-34037
PMID 37104480
PMC PMC10138484
MeSH Genome, Plant Phenotype Plant Breeding* Poaceae / genetics Polyploidy Triticum* / genetics
Resource
Wheat KU-8116 KU-8120 KU-8122 KU-8125 KU-8136 KU-8139 KU-8143 KU-8162 KU-8186 KU-8201 KU-8223 KU-101-2 KU-8241 KU-101-3 KU-8266 KU-1501 KU-8267 KU-1507 KU-1516 KU-8269 KU-3620 KU-3630 KU-8276 KU-3646 KU-8279 KU-8001 KU-8111 KU-8287 KU-8297 KU-8315 KU-8322 KU-8332 KU-8345 KU-8381 KU-8404 KU-8405 KU-8414 KU-10603 KU-10653 KU-10725 KU-10830 KU-10859 KU-199-16