RRC ID 44687
Author Aikawa H, Tamai M, Mitamura K, Itmainati F, Barber GN, Tagawa Y.
Title Innate immunity in an in vitro murine blastocyst model using embryonic and trophoblast stem cells.
Journal J Biosci Bioeng
Abstract The immune system has two broad components-innate and adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity becomes established only after the onset of hematopoiesis, whereas the innate immune system may be actively protecting organisms from microbial invasion much earlier in development. Here, we address the question of whether the innate immune system functions in the early-stage embryo, i.e., the blastocyst. The innate immune system was studied by using in vitro blastocyst models, e.g., embryonic stem (ES) and trophoblast stem (TS) cell cultures. The expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-2, -3, and -5 could be detected in both ES and TS cells. The expression of interferon (IFN)-β was induced by the addition of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] in TS cells, but not ES cells, although TLR-3 was expressed at the same level in both cell types. In turn, ES cells responded to IFN-β exposure by expressing IFN-induced anti-viral genes, e.g., RNA-dependent protein kinase and 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS). Neither a reduction in ES cell proliferation nor cell death in these cultures was observed after IFN-β stimulation. Furthermore, OAS1a expression was induced in ES/TS co-cultures after poly(I:C) stimulation, but was not induced when either cell type was cultured alone. In conclusion, TS cells react to poly(I:C) stimulation by producing IFN-β, which induces IFN-inducible genes in ES cells. This observation suggests that the trophectoderm, the outer layer of the blastocyst, may respond to viral infection, and then induce anti-viral gene expression via IFN-β signaling to the blastocyst inner cell mass.
Volume 117(3)
Pages 358-65
Published 2014-3-1
DOI 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.09.001
PII S1389-1723(13)00321-6
PMID 24113362
MeSH Animals Antiviral Agents / pharmacology Blastocyst / immunology* Blastocyst / metabolism Cell Proliferation / drug effects Cells, Cultured Embryo, Mammalian / cytology Embryo, Mammalian / immunology* Embryo, Mammalian / metabolism Female Immunity, Innate* Interferon Inducers / pharmacology Interferon-beta / pharmacology Male Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Models, Animal RNA, Messenger / genetics Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Signal Transduction / drug effects Signal Transduction / immunology Stem Cells / cytology Stem Cells / immunology* Stem Cells / metabolism Toll-Like Receptor 3 / genetics Toll-Like Receptor 3 / metabolism Trophoblasts / cytology Trophoblasts / immunology* Trophoblasts / metabolism
IF 2.366
Times Cited 6
WOS Category FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Resource
Human and Animal Cells RAW 264(RCB0535)